Active and Passive Insufficiency Chains

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Active insufficiency in anterior chain and passive insufficiency in posterior chain in sagital plane

Toes hyper extended

Ankles Dorsiflxed

Knees extended straight

Hip Flexed

Back Flexed forward

Neck Flexed Forward

Shoulders extended as far as possible in the sagital plane?

Or alternatively shoulders flexed 90 degrees in the sagital plane and adducted in the transverse plane?

 Shoulders protracted or rounded forward


Active insufficiency in posterior chain and active insufficiency in posterior chain in sagital plane

Toes flexed

Ankle plantarflexed

Knees Bent

Hip Extended

Back extended backward

Neck Extended Backward

Shoulders Flexed as far as possible in the sagital plane?

Or alternatively shoulders flexed 90 degrees in the sagital plane and horizontally abducted in the transverse plane?

Shoulders retracted backward


Transeverse Plane Maximum Twisting to achieve active insufficiency in one direction and passive insufficiency in the other direction for a left twist.  For the other side switch the words left and right

Torso turned to left in transverse plane meaning the left shoulder translates backward relative to the left pelvis and the right shoulder translates forward relative to the right pelvis compared to their relative arrangement in the anatomical positions

Neck turned to left in trasverse plane meaning meaning the right ear translates forward relative to the right shoulder and the left ear translates backward relative to the left shoulder compared to their relative arrangement in the anatomical position

Left Shoulder flexed 90 degrees in the sagital plane and abducted in the trasverse plane?

Left Shoulder retracted backward?

Right Shoulder flexed 90 degrees in the sagital plane and adducted in the trasverse plane?

Right shoulder protracted or rounded forward?

Left Hip Flexed?

Left Knee extended straight?

Left Ankle dorsiflexed?

Left toes hyper extended?

Right Hip Extended?

Right Knee Flexed?

Right Ankle plantar flexed?

Right toes flexed?


Active Insufficiency on left side and passive insufficiency on right side in the coronal plane.  For the other side switch the words left and right 

Left ankle everted in the coronal plane?

Right ankle inverted in the coronal plane?

Left hip abducted in the coronal plane

Right hip adducted in the coronal plane

Torso Abducted to the left side in the coronal plane meaning the shoulder is translated to the left of the pelvis in the coronal plane as compared to their relative arrangement in the anatomical position

Left Shoulder is slightly flexed or slightly extended in order to enable it to adduct in the coronal plane with the left arm as close to touching the shoulder as possible?

Right shouldet is abducted in the coronal plane


Copyright Carl Janssen 2022

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